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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Type 2 Inflammation

Type 2 inflammation

COPD is immunologically heterogeneous, and can be characterised into 
type 1 and 3, and type 2 inflammatory endotypes.1,2

Up to 40% of patients with COPD experience type 2 inflammation, which is characterised by the production of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 cytokines.1,3

Type 2 inflammation in COPD is associated with elevated blood eosinophil levels,
which are linked to an increased risk of exacerbations, COPD-related hospitalisations and lung function decline.4–7

Scientists working in a laboratory, one using a microscope while another observes.

The role of type 2 inflammation in COPD infographic

Explore the role of inflammation in COPD with this visual infographic, including type 2 pathways, eosinophilic phenotypes and their contribution to exacerbations and disease progression.

NX-GB-CPU-BTHC-260003 I May 2026

View infographic
Diagram detailing type 2 inflammation, and it’s role in COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

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Overview of COPD

The burden of COPD and its impact on patients' lives.

Learn more
A healthcare professional sitting on a stool speaksing with a parent holding a child in a medical examination room.

Burden of exacerbations

Managing exacerbations and the patient burden of COPD.

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Personalised care    

The role of Treatable Traits and management strategies in delivering personalised COPD care.

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Community care

Integrated care for patient 
self-management in 
community settings.

Coming soon

Abbreviations

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IL, interleukin.

References

  1. Chen Y, et al. Chin Med J Pulm Crit Care Med 2025;3:225–245;
  2. Narendra DK and Hanania NA. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019;14:1045–51;
  3. Ortega H, et al. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018;13:2425–2433;
  4. Sandelowsky H, et al. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2025;20:2767–2785;
  5. Yun JH, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018;141:2037–2047;
  6. Tashkin DP, et al. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018;13:335–349;
  7. Hegewald MJ, et al. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020;15:2629–2641.

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June 2026 | NP-GB-CPU-WCNT-260005 (V1.0)